Evolution of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: A Paradigm Shift in Smart Production for Industry 4.0

S P Ruchir (spruchir@gmail.com), Corresponding Authors, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil

Aditya Barnwal (adityaofficialba20@gmail.com), Corresponding Authors, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil

Akshat Kumar Agrawal (agrawalaakshat@gmail.com), School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil

Abstract

The advent of the fourth industrial revolution, often referred to as Industry 4.0, has ushered in a new era of manufacturing known as smart manufacturing. It has revolutionized industrial production, driven by the rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). These technologies have transformed traditional manufacturing processes, paving the way for smart, autonomous, and highly efficient industrial systems. This study aims at exploring the integral role played by AI and ML in transforming conventional manufacturing into smart manufacturing. This paradigm shift results in increased productivity, reduced costs, and enhanced competitiveness. It explores their applications, from data-driven decision-making and predictive maintenance to their integration with the Internet of Things (IoT). The study also examines real-world examples to illustrate the impact of these technologies, while addressing challenges and ethical considerations. However, this shift also brings complex ethical considerations that must be addressed for the technology to be implemented responsibly and sustainably. Additionally, it envisions future trends and implications for the manufacturing industry in the era of AI and ML. AI ensures quality control in the manufacturing sector, with intelligent AI programs capable of monitoring performance, tracking machine output, and detecting flaws. The impact of AI and ML in manufacturing is significant, and this article highlights the profound transformation underway, ushering in a new era of efficiency, customization, and competitiveness.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Industry 4.0, smart manufacturing, predictive maintenance, Internet of Things (IoT)